Reading Notebook: 18-March-10
Comments in italics are mine and express my own views, thoughts and opinions
Windows Internals by M. Russinovich, D. Solomon and A. Ionescu:
Deferred ready and standby thread states (p. 400)
Gait waiting (p. 401)
Transition state as state with paged out kernel stack (p. 401) - flattening thread state transition diagram for ready state:
deferred ready -> ready <-> running
Thread state counter in Performance Monitor (pp. 402 - 404)
Per-processor ready queues and O(1) (pp. 404 - 405)
PRCB (p. 404) - rather a huge structure on x64 W2K8:
0: kd> dt nt!_KPRCB
+0x000 MxCsr : Uint4B
+0x004 Number : Uint2B
+0x006 InterruptRequest : UChar
+0x007 IdleHalt : UChar
+0x008 CurrentThread : Ptr64 _KTHREAD
+0x010 NextThread : Ptr64 _KTHREAD
+0x018 IdleThread : Ptr64 _KTHREAD
+0x020 NestingLevel : UChar
+0x021 Group : UChar
+0x022 PrcbPad00 : [6] UChar
+0x028 RspBase : Uint8B
+0x030 PrcbLock : Uint8B
+0x038 SetMember : Uint8B
+0x040 ProcessorState : _KPROCESSOR_STATE
+0x5f0 CpuType : Char
+0x5f1 CpuID : Char
+0x5f2 CpuStep : Uint2B
+0x5f2 CpuStepping : UChar
+0x5f3 CpuModel : UChar
+0x5f4 MHz : Uint4B
+0x5f8 HalReserved : [8] Uint8B
+0x638 MinorVersion : Uint2B
+0x63a MajorVersion : Uint2B
+0x63c BuildType : UChar
+0x63d CpuVendor : UChar
+0x63e CoresPerPhysicalProcessor : UChar
+0x63f LogicalProcessorsPerCore : UChar
+0x640 ApicMask : Uint4B
+0x644 CFlushSize : Uint4B
+0x648 AcpiReserved : Ptr64 Void
+0x650 InitialApicId : Uint4B
+0x654 Stride : Uint4B
+0x658 PrcbPad01 : [3] Uint8B
+0x670 LockQueue : [49] _KSPIN_LOCK_QUEUE
+0x980 PPLookasideList : [16] _PP_LOOKASIDE_LIST
+0xa80 PPNPagedLookasideList : [32] _GENERAL_LOOKASIDE_POOL
+0x1680 PPPagedLookasideList : [32] _GENERAL_LOOKASIDE_POOL
+0x2280 PacketBarrier : Uint8B
+0×2288 DeferredReadyListHead : _SINGLE_LIST_ENTRY
+0×2290 MmPageFaultCount : Int4B
+0×2294 MmCopyOnWriteCount : Int4B
+0×2298 MmTransitionCount : Int4B
+0×229c MmDemandZeroCount : Int4B
+0×22a0 MmPageReadCount : Int4B
+0×22a4 MmPageReadIoCount : Int4B
+0×22a8 MmDirtyPagesWriteCount : Int4B
+0×22ac MmDirtyWriteIoCount : Int4B
+0×22b0 MmMappedPagesWriteCount : Int4B
+0×22b4 MmMappedWriteIoCount : Int4B
+0×22b8 KeSystemCalls : Uint4B
+0×22bc KeContextSwitches : Uint4B
+0×22c0 CcFastReadNoWait : Uint4B
+0×22c4 CcFastReadWait : Uint4B
+0×22c8 CcFastReadNotPossible : Uint4B
+0×22cc CcCopyReadNoWait : Uint4B
+0×22d0 CcCopyReadWait : Uint4B
+0×22d4 CcCopyReadNoWaitMiss : Uint4B
+0×22d8 LookasideIrpFloat : Int4B
+0×22dc IoReadOperationCount : Int4B
+0×22e0 IoWriteOperationCount : Int4B
+0×22e4 IoOtherOperationCount : Int4B
+0×22e8 IoReadTransferCount : _LARGE_INTEGER
+0×22f0 IoWriteTransferCount : _LARGE_INTEGER
+0×22f8 IoOtherTransferCount : _LARGE_INTEGER
+0×2300 TargetSet : Uint8B
+0×2308 IpiFrozen : Uint4B
+0×230c PrcbPad3 : [116] UChar
+0×2380 RequestMailbox : [64] _REQUEST_MAILBOX
+0×3380 SenderSummary : Uint8B
+0×3388 PrcbPad4 : [120] UChar
+0×3400 DpcData : [2] _KDPC_DATA
+0×3440 DpcStack : Ptr64 Void
+0×3448 SparePtr0 : Ptr64 Void
+0×3450 MaximumDpcQueueDepth : Int4B
+0×3454 DpcRequestRate : Uint4B
+0×3458 MinimumDpcRate : Uint4B
+0×345c DpcInterruptRequested : UChar
+0×345d DpcThreadRequested : UChar
+0×345e DpcRoutineActive : UChar
+0×345f DpcThreadActive : UChar
+0×3460 TimerHand : Uint8B
+0×3460 TimerRequest : Uint8B
+0×3468 TickOffset : Int4B
+0×346c MasterOffset : Int4B
+0×3470 DpcLastCount : Uint4B
+0×3474 ThreadDpcEnable : UChar
+0×3475 QuantumEnd : UChar
+0×3476 PrcbPad50 : UChar
+0×3477 IdleSchedule : UChar
+0×3478 DpcSetEventRequest : Int4B
+0×347c KeExceptionDispatchCount : Uint4B
+0×3480 DpcEvent : _KEVENT
+0×3498 PrcbPad51 : Ptr64 Void
+0×34a0 CallDpc : _KDPC
+0×34e0 ClockKeepAlive : Int4B
+0×34e4 ClockCheckSlot : UChar
+0×34e5 ClockPollCycle : UChar
+0×34e6 PrcbPad6 : [2] UChar
+0×34e8 DpcWatchdogPeriod : Int4B
+0×34ec DpcWatchdogCount : Int4B
+0×34f0 PrcbPad70 : [2] Uint8B
+0×3500 WaitListHead : _LIST_ENTRY
+0×3510 WaitLock : Uint8B
+0×3518 ReadySummary : Uint4B
+0×351c QueueIndex : Uint4B
+0×3520 PrcbPad71 : [12] Uint8B
+0×3580 DispatcherReadyListHead : [32] _LIST_ENTRY
+0×3780 InterruptCount : Uint4B
+0×3784 KernelTime : Uint4B
+0×3788 UserTime : Uint4B
+0×378c DpcTime : Uint4B
+0×3790 InterruptTime : Uint4B
+0×3794 AdjustDpcThreshold : Uint4B
+0×3798 SkipTick : UChar
+0×3799 DebuggerSavedIRQL : UChar
+0×379a PollSlot : UChar
+0×379b PrcbPad80 : [5] UChar
+0×37a0 DpcTimeCount : Uint4B
+0×37a4 DpcTimeLimit : Uint4B
+0×37a8 PeriodicCount : Uint4B
+0×37ac PeriodicBias : Uint4B
+0×37b0 PrcbPad81 : [2] Uint8B
+0×37c0 ParentNode : Ptr64 _KNODE
+0×37c8 MultiThreadProcessorSet : Uint8B
+0×37d0 MultiThreadSetMaster : Ptr64 _KPRCB
+0×37d8 StartCycles : Uint8B
+0×37e0 MmSpinLockOrdering : Int4B
+0×37e4 PageColor : Uint4B
+0×37e8 NodeColor : Uint4B
+0×37ec NodeShiftedColor : Uint4B
+0×37f0 SecondaryColorMask : Uint4B
+0×37f4 Sleeping : Int4B
+0×37f8 CycleTime : Uint8B
+0×3800 CcFastMdlReadNoWait : Uint4B
+0×3804 CcFastMdlReadWait : Uint4B
+0×3808 CcFastMdlReadNotPossible : Uint4B
+0×380c CcMapDataNoWait : Uint4B
+0×3810 CcMapDataWait : Uint4B
+0×3814 CcPinMappedDataCount : Uint4B
+0×3818 CcPinReadNoWait : Uint4B
+0×381c CcPinReadWait : Uint4B
+0×3820 CcMdlReadNoWait : Uint4B
+0×3824 CcMdlReadWait : Uint4B
+0×3828 CcLazyWriteHotSpots : Uint4B
+0×382c CcLazyWriteIos : Uint4B
+0×3830 CcLazyWritePages : Uint4B
+0×3834 CcDataFlushes : Uint4B
+0×3838 CcDataPages : Uint4B
+0×383c CcLostDelayedWrites : Uint4B
+0×3840 CcFastReadResourceMiss : Uint4B
+0×3844 CcCopyReadWaitMiss : Uint4B
+0×3848 CcFastMdlReadResourceMiss : Uint4B
+0×384c CcMapDataNoWaitMiss : Uint4B
+0×3850 CcMapDataWaitMiss : Uint4B
+0×3854 CcPinReadNoWaitMiss : Uint4B
+0×3858 CcPinReadWaitMiss : Uint4B
+0×385c CcMdlReadNoWaitMiss : Uint4B
+0×3860 CcMdlReadWaitMiss : Uint4B
+0×3864 CcReadAheadIos : Uint4B
+0×3868 MmCacheTransitionCount : Int4B
+0×386c MmCacheReadCount : Int4B
+0×3870 MmCacheIoCount : Int4B
+0×3874 PrcbPad91 : [3] Uint4B
+0×3880 PowerState : _PROCESSOR_POWER_STATE
+0×3998 KeAlignmentFixupCount : Uint4B
+0×399c VendorString : [13] UChar
+0×39a9 PrcbPad10 : [3] UChar
+0×39ac FeatureBits : Uint4B
+0×39b0 UpdateSignature : _LARGE_INTEGER
+0×39b8 DpcWatchdogDpc : _KDPC
+0×39f8 DpcWatchdogTimer : _KTIMER
+0×3a38 Cache : [5] _CACHE_DESCRIPTOR
+0×3a74 CacheCount : Uint4B
+0×3a78 CachedCommit : Uint4B
+0×3a7c CachedResidentAvailable : Uint4B
+0×3a80 HyperPte : Ptr64 Void
+0×3a88 WheaInfo : Ptr64 Void
+0×3a90 EtwSupport : Ptr64 Void
+0×3aa0 InterruptObjectPool : _SLIST_HEADER
+0×3ab0 HypercallPageList : _SLIST_HEADER
+0×3ac0 HypercallPageVirtual : Ptr64 Void
+0×3ac8 VirtualApicAssist : Ptr64 Void
+0×3ad0 StatisticsPage : Ptr64 Uint8B
+0×3ad8 RateControl : Ptr64 Void
+0×3ae0 CacheProcessorMask : [5] Uint8B
+0×3b08 PackageProcessorSet : Uint8B
+0×3b10 CoreProcessorSet : Uint8B
Changed thread quantum accounting in Vista (now: clock cycles), quantum targets, partial quantum decay (pp. 406 - 407)
The mystery of huge number in KiCyclesPerClockQuantum (p. 408) - here is an output on my PC:
0: kd> dd KiCyclesPerClockQuantum l1
fffff800`01a45170 008e58db
0: kd> !cpuinfo
CP F/M/S Manufacturer MHz PRCB Signature MSR 8B Signature Features
0 6,15,2 GenuineIntel 1794 0000005600000000 20193ffe
1 6,15,2 GenuineIntel 1794 0000005600000000 20193ffe
Cached Update Signature 0000005a00000000
Initial Update Signature 0000005600000000
C:\>C:\DL\Clockres.exe
ClockRes v2.0 - View the system clock resolution
Copyright (C) 2009 Mark Russinovich
SysInternals - www.sysinternals.com
Maximum timer interval: 15.600 ms
Minimum timer interval: 0.500 ms
Current timer interval: 1.000 ms
HKLM\S\CCS\C\PriorityControl\Win32PrioritySeparation vs. PsPrioritySeperation - looks like a misprint that needs fixing in the next version of Windows. Why it was a deliberate misspelling (p. 411) we can only guess…
0: kd> dd PsPrioritySeperation l1
fffff800`01a45228 00000002